2012年广西凭祥市艾滋病哨点各类人群监测结果分析

Analysis of sentinel surveillance among kinds of population in Pingxiang City,2012

目的了解广西凭祥市各类人群中艾滋病流行状况及相关行为特征,为开展有效的干预工作提供依据。方法按照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案操作手册》,在2012年4～6月,对符合条件的吸毒者、性病门诊男性就诊者、长途卡车司机、孕产妇等4个人群分别连续抽样,进行面对面的问卷调查,并采集静脉血样进行人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)等抗体检测。结果 2012年共监测4类人群1 600人。吸毒者HIV、梅毒和HCV的抗体阳性率最高,分别为3.25%、6.00%和36.50%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查对象答对8条(全对)艾滋病知识的以性病门诊男性就诊者最高,为82.25%,长途卡车司机最低,仅为52.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=116.237,P<0.01)。吸毒者最近一年发生过商业性行为的比例为39.5%,发生商业性行为时每次坚持使用安全套的比例只有37.97%,但是与配偶或固定性伴发生性行为时,从未使用安全套的比例为26.92%;性病门诊男性就诊者,最近3个月发生过商业性行为的比例为17.75%;长途卡车司机最近1年发生过商业性行为的比例为2.25%;0.25%的孕产妇有吸毒史,0.5%的孕产妇其丈夫有吸毒史;0.75%的孕产妇有婚外性行为。从2009—2012年凭祥市各类人群的HIV抗体阳性率变化趋势来看,吸毒者HIV抗体阳性率比较高,但有逐年下降的趋势。结论凭祥市艾滋病疫情呈低流行态势,但影响艾滋病流行的危险因素仍广泛存在,针对各类人群的特点,必须进行有效的行为干预,以遏制艾滋病的进一步蔓延。

Objective To understand the HIV epidemic and related behavioral characteristics among kinds of population in Pingxiang City. Methods According to Manual of National HIV Sentinel Surveillance , eligible drug users, men attending STDs clinics, long-distance truck drivers and pregnant women were selected continuously to participate in the face-to-face survey and tested with HIV, syphilis and HCV antibody during April to June in 2012. Results 1 600 persons with 4 kinds were surveyed in 2012. The rates of positive antibody of HIV, syphilis and HCV among drug users were highest and were 3.25%, 6.00% and 36.50% ,respectively. There were significant differences on these rates among 4 kinds of population （P〈0.01）. The rate of correctly answering all HIV knowledge was highest among men attending STDs clinics （82.25 %）, but lowest among long-distance truck drivers （52.00%）. These rates were different significantly among 4 kinds of population （X2 = 116. 237 ,P〈0.01）. The proportion of drug users having commercial sex in the last year was 39.5%, and 37.97% of them used condoms in every sex. 26.92% of drug users who had sex with spouse or primary partners have never used condom. 17.75 % of men attending STDs clinics had commercial sex in prior 3 month. The proportion of long-distance truck drivers having commercial sex in prior year was 2.25%. 0.25% of pregnant women used drug. 0.5% of pregnant womenrs husbands used drug. 0.75% of pregnant women had sex with non-spouses. The rate of HIV positive an- tibody of drug users was highest among 4 kinds of population during 2009 to 2012, but it descended gradually. Conclusion The rate of HIV infection was low, but risk factors still exist. Behavioral intervention should be conducted among 4 kinds of population for controlling the HIV epidemic.