寒冷地区混合结构住宅能耗实例模拟与分析

ENERGY CONSUMPTION SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF EXAMPLE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE RESIDENTIAL IN COLD REGION

为评价既有混合结构住宅的建筑能耗,在典型住宅围护结构传热系数实测的基础上,利用动态能耗模拟分析软件DeST-h建立简化的计算模型,并验证了模型的有效性。分析结果表明:传统能耗计算方法较大地估计了建筑能耗;改进外墙的热工性能是降低采暖能耗最有效的办法;围护结构的保温层厚度宜控制在适当范围内;对拥有较大窗墙比的现代建筑,改善外窗热工性能是经济有效的;合理的建筑体型及朝向是降低采暖能耗的关键;减少室内外换气次数对降低采暖能耗作用显著。

In order to evaluate the energy consumption of existing residential buildings with composite structures, the heat transfer coefficient of envelope of a building example was tested on site. The analytical results indicate that the traditional calculation method for energy consumption overestimates the energy consumption of buildings; the most effective way to reduce heating consumption is to improve thermal performances of external walls; the thickness of insulation layers should be confined in an appropriate range; as for modern buildings with large windows, improving thermal performances of windows has been proved to be an effective and economic way; reasonable building shape and orientation as well as less air exchange would reduce the heat consumption significantly.