秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓对夏玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响

Effect of Inoculating Earthworm after Straw Returning to Field on Main Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Summer Maize

为消除小麦秸秆还田对夏玉米生长的不利影响,设置秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓、秸秆还田、无秸秆还田且不接种蚯蚓(对照)3种处理,探讨了秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓对夏玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:与对照和秸秆还田相比,秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓加快了秸秆腐熟速度,提高了土壤肥力,促进了夏玉米的营养生长,显著增加了玉米株高、基部第1、2节间直径和叶面积指数,极显著增加了棒三叶叶面积;秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓处理玉米穗粒数和百粒重分别比对照提高6.1%、7.8%,其产量分别比对照和秸秆还田提高14.5%、5.2%。说明秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓具有更好的增产效果,建议引导农民秸秆还田后接种蚯蚓,以提高夏玉米产量。

A field experiment was conducted in this research to study the effect of inoculating earthworm after wheat straw returning to field on agronomic characteristics and yield of summer maize on dryland of Northwest China. The results showed that inoculating earthworm after wheat straw returning to field accelerated the decay rate of wheat residue, and improved soil fertility. Significant increases in the plant height, the first and second base internode diameters, leaf area in- dex and leaf area of three ear-leaves were observed, compared with the control and wheat straw returning. Grain numbers per ear and one hundred grain weight in the treatment of inoculating earthworm increased by 6.1% and 7.8 %, respectively, compared with the control, and the yield in the treatment of inoculating earthworm was 14. 5% and 5. 2% higher than the control and wheat straw returning, respectively. These results indicated that inoculating earthworm after wheat straw returning to field was an effective method to increase summer maize yield.