信用证欺诈及防范制度研究

Study on the Credit Letter Fraud and Prevention System

国际民商事贸易中,信用证如今已成为国际贸易支付中一项重要而且成熟的支付结算手段。信用证业务中,审单是银行信用证业务的核心环节。但由于银行在信用证审查机制中的特殊性,决定了"贸易结算—信用证—银行"这个体制中存在着风险与漏洞,随之而来产生的一系列的法律问题无论对学术界还是对司法实践产生了挑战,透过表象认清信用欺诈产生的深层次原因并完善相关的法律制度并使之对信用欺诈产生行之有效的法律救济是必要的。

In international civil and commercial trade, the letter of credit has become an important international trade payment and mature payment means. For the business of the letter of credit, bank credit examination is the core business process. However, the particularity of banks in credit review mechanism determines that there exist risk and vulnerabilities in the system of ＂ trade settlement - letter of credit - bank＂. Consequently it brings a series of legal problems which challenge the academic or judicial practice. It is necessary to deeply recognize the credit fraud and improve the relevant legal system so as to provide effective legal relief for the credit fraud.