绵阳极重灾县医疗机构灾后重建项目放射防护现状调查

Investigation on Radioprotection in Medical Institutions of the Post-quake Reconstruction in the Worst-hit Counties of Mianyang

目的了解绵阳极重灾县医疗机构灾后重建项目放射防护现状,查找防护薄弱环节,为改进放射防护工作提供科学依据。方法收集5.12地震灾后绵阳4个极重灾县医疗机构重建项目职业病危害放射防护控制效果评价报告,以及相应单位放射工作人员近2年的健康体检资料,选择射线装置、放射防护设施、人员体检结果等进行调查分析。结果此次调查包括绵阳4个极重灾县47家医院共68个灾后重建放射场所,辐射监测结果介于0.08～1.12μSv/h之间,未对牙科X线机开展防护监测;警示灯正常使用率76.5%;受检者防护用品配备合格率35.3%;放射人员健康体检率91.0%。结论绵阳4个极重灾县医疗机构灾后重建项目放射屏蔽效果较好,但警示灯、受检者防护用品使用情况欠佳,患者自我防护意识较差,建议加强灾区卫生监督工作,增强各医疗机构的法制观念和放射防护意识,加强牙科X线机的放射防护。

Objective To investigate the reconstruction radioprotection of medical institutions in 4 worst - hit counties of Mianyang and uncover the defects; based on which to provide the scientific basis for improved meas- ures. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted with respect to the following aspects： the evaluation reports on the control effect of radioprotection hazards in 4 worst -hit counties after the 5.12 quake in Mianyang; medical information of radiation workers in the past 2 years, select X - ray devices, radiological protection of the facili- ties and the health examination of the radiation workers. Results The survey included 68 reconstruction radioac- tive sites in 47 hospitals, and the detection results of radiation were between 0. 08 -1.12 Sv h -1, not in- cluding dental X - ray machine. The utilization rate of warning lights was 76. 5%, and the eligible rate of pro- tective equipment on patients was 35.3% ; the medical rate of occupational examination was 91.0%. Conclu- siola The radioprotection effect of the reconstruction in 4 worst- hit districts of Mianyang is eligible; whereas the utilization of warning lights and protective equipment is to be improved. Key words worst - hit counties ; post - quake recon- struction; radioprotection