2009-2011年五通桥区手足口病流行特征分析

Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Wutongqiao District,2009-2011

目的分析2009-2011年乐山市五通桥区手足口病流行病学特征,及时掌握手足口病发病疫情趋势,为制定针对性的防治策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对国家疾病监测信息系统中报告的2009-2011年乐山市五通桥区手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果五通桥区2009-2011年累计报告手足口病879例,重症1例,无死亡病例报告,年均报告发病率91.91/10万,重症率0.11%。2010年、2011年报告发病率分别比2009年下降22.53%和29.10%,2009年发病率与2010年、2011年比较有统计学意义(χ2=10.60和18.30,P﹤0.01)。年平均发病率牛华镇最高(141.36/10万),新云乡最低(28.28/10万)。男性发病高于女性,以散居儿童和托幼儿童发病为主,主要集中在﹤5岁儿童发病(90.22%)。发病呈多峰型。2011年病原学监测结果显示EV71、COXA16和其他肠道病毒同时并存,EV71病毒分布由2010年的1个镇上升为2011年的4个镇乡。结论五通桥区手足口病发病呈逐年下降趋势,且有明显的地区、年龄、性别和季节性分布,EV71、COXA16和其他肠道病毒并存,而且分布在多个乡镇,有出现重症病例和聚集发病的可能。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand - foot - mouth Disease （HFMD） in Wutingqiao district from 2009 to 2011, and grasp the epidemic trend of the disease as well as provides the basis for the effective preventive measures. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on inei- denee data of HFMD in Wutongqiao obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System during 2009 -2011. Results Among cumulatively reported 879 HFMD cases, one was severe, and no deaths reported during 2009 -2011 in Wutongqiao. The average annual report morbidity was 91.91/105 with a severe rate of 0. 11%. The incidence in 2010 and 2011 reduced 22.53% and 29. 10% respectively, compared with 2009. Statistical significances were found between 2009 and 2010, 2009 and 2011 （X2 = 10. 60, X2 = 18.30; P 〈 0.01 ）. The highest incidence was in Niuhua town （ 141.36/105 ） and the minimum was Xinyun town （ 28.28/105 ）. The male＇s incidence was higher than female, primarily scattered children and children in preschools, mainly aged less than 5 years （accounted for 90.22%）. The incidence showed multi- peaks. The etiology monitoring showed that EV71, COXA16 coexisting with other intestinal virus,and the distribution range of EV71 expanded from 1 town in 2010 to 4 towns in 2011. Conclusions The inci- dence of HFMD declined yearly and showed a distribution differences on age, sex and season; EV71 and COX- A16 combined with other intestinal virus distributed in multi - towns. There is a possibility of clustering onset of severe cases at any time.