酒依赖患者社交焦虑的检出率：以医院为基础的调查

The rate of social anxiety symptoms among alcoholics:A hospital-based survey

目的:了解酒依赖患者中合并社交焦虑症状的情况、两者共病的特点及起病的时间顺序。方法:选取符合国际疾病和相关健康问题分类第十版(ICD-10)诊断标准的酒依赖住院患者及嗜酒者匿名互助会的酒依赖患者56例,与之年龄、性别相匹配的健康人群56例作为对照组;用Liebowitz社交焦虑量表(LSAS)评估两组社交焦虑严重程度,抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估抑郁程度,自编一般状况调查表调查其人口学及饮酒特点等。将酒依赖组根据是否伴有社交焦虑再分为共病组(n=17)及单病组(n=39)。结果:根据LSAS评分,酒依赖组的社交焦虑筛查检出率高于对照组(30.4%vs.12.7%,P<0.05);酒依赖组的LSAS总分[(29.6±20.4)vs.(17.5±14.6),P<0.05]及各因子分均高于对照组;酒依赖与社交焦虑共病组的SDS抑郁严重度指数[(0.52±0.10)vs.(0.45±0.09),P<0.05]高于酒依赖单病组;15例(88.2%)共病患者的社交焦虑症状出现在最初饮酒前;13例(76.5%)共病者饮酒社交焦虑症状减轻;9例(52.9%)报告停酒后社交焦虑症状加重。结论:酒依赖患者中社交焦虑者较非酒依赖组更常见,酒依赖伴社交焦虑者较不伴社交焦虑者的抑郁程度更重。

Objective： To investigate the social anxiety symptoms in alcoholics, the features of the comorbidity and the chronological order relationship between the first social anxiety symptoms and first drinking. Methods： Totally 56 inpatients or Alcoholics Anonymous members were recruited in the alcoholics group. The control group included 56 healthy people matched with the alcoholics group in both age and gender. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale （LSAS） and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to assess the severity of social anxiety and depression symptoms. The participants were required to complete the self-made questionnaire about demographic and drinking features. The alcoholics group was divided into comorbidity group （n = 17） and single-disorder group （n = 39） depending on whether accompanying social anxiety symptoms or not. Results： Ac- cording to the LSAS, there were more social anxiety interviewees in the alcoholics group than in the control group （30. 4% vs. 12.7%, P 〈 0. 05）. The global LSAS score [（29. 6 ±20. 4） vs. （ 17.5 ± 14. 6）, P 〈 0.05] and the scores of all the four components in LSAS in the alcoholics group were higher than in the control group. The gener- al depressive index in the comorbidity group （n = 17） was higher than the single-disorder group （n = 39） [ （0. 52 ± 0. 10） vs. （0. 45 ± 0. 09）, P 〈 0. 05 ]. In the comorbidity group, 15 （88.2%） participants had social anxiety symp- toms occurring before the first drinking, 13（76. 5% ）people reported drinking could reduce social anxiety and 9 （52. 9% ） cases said drinking cessation could aggravate social anxiety. Conclusion： It indicates that the prevalenceof social anxiety may be higher in alcoholics than in the non-alcoholic population and the depressive index in the comorbidity group may be higher than in the alcoholics group.