心理康复治疗对老年抑郁症患者认知功能的疗效研究

Effects of psychological rehabilitation therapy on cognitive function in aged patients with depression

目的探讨心理康复治疗对改善老年抑郁症患者认知功能的疗效。方法将120例老年抑郁症患者随机分为研究组60例和对照组60例,研究组在系统的精神科药物治疗的基础上合并心理康复治疗,对照组仅维持系统的精神科药物治疗,疗程8周。于治疗前和治疗8周末测定认知功能,并对其认知功能进行t检验分析。结果治疗8周末,两组各认知功能测验较治疗前均有显著改善,且研究组优于对照组,两组评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组威斯康星卡片测试(WCST)的总应答数(TR)、持续错误数(PE)、持续应答数(PR)均显著低于对照组,完成分类数(CC)、正确应答数(CR)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组连线测试(TMT)A型用时、B型错误数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组在韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS)中数字广度、数字—符号测试差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心理康复治疗可有效改善老年抑郁症患者的执行能力、认知转移能力、记忆、抽象概括能力、注意力及速度。

Objective To study the efficacy of psychological rehabilitation therapy on cognitive function in aged depressive patients. Methods A total of 120 aged patients with depression were randomly divided into study group （60 cases） and control group （60 cases）. The study group treated with the systematic psychotropic therapeutic methods combined with psychological reha- bilitation therapy and the control group treated only with the systematic psychotropic therapeutic methods for 8 weeks. The cognitive function was assessed with Wisconsion Card Sorting Test （WCST）, Trail - Making Test （TMT） and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale（WAIS） at baseline and at the 8th weekend,the correlative T - test was carried out simultaneously. Results At the 8th weekend, scores of cognitive test were improved significantly compared with those at baseline, as well as the scores between the two groups at the 8th weekend（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the control group, the scores of total responses （TR）, perseverative errors （PE） and perseverative responses （TR） were all significant lower in the WCST（ P 〈 0.05 ） ;the scores of complete categories （C C） and correct responses （CR） were both significant higher in the WCST（P 〈 0.05 ） ;the time was taken in TMT- A and the errors in TMT - B were beth significant less （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the total score of digit span test and digit symbol test were beth significant better （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The psychological rehabilitation therapy can effectively improve the cognitive function of aged patients with depression, especially improving implement ability, cognitive - transferable ability, memory, abstract - summary ability, attentive ability and speed.