高寒地区水利工程水文自动测报系统布设探讨

Investigation of Set up of Automatic System for Hydrologic Data Acquisition and Transmission of Hydraulic Engineering in Severe Cold Region

水文自动测报系统是水利水电工程规划设计的一项重要内容。我国西南和西北等高寒地区自然条件恶劣,经济社会发展水平低,水文站网基础薄弱,无可靠的交通条件,基本通信设施处于空白状态。水文自动测报系统规划设计时,在站网布设、预报方案配置、仪器设备选型、通信方式选择、供电及土建设计等方面,应考虑该类地区的特殊性,以确保系统能安全可靠地运行。西部高寒山区水文自动测报系统中雨量站点数量较少,因此预报方案配置时应尽量选用河系预报或以河系预报为主、降雨径流预报为辅的方案。

Automatic system for hydrologic data acquisition and transmission is an important aspect in planning and designing work of hydrologic and hydro-power engineering. In the severe cold region in south-west and north-west China, with abominable natural conditions and low levels of economic and social development, the base of hydrological network is weak, the traffic conditions is unreliable, and there is no telecommunication facilities. The particularity of these regions should be taken in consideration in the layout of hydrologic network, allocation of forecasting plan, selection of instrument and equipment, selection of telecommunication means, design of power supply and civil design in the designing work of automatic system for hydrologic data acquisition and transmission, so as to guarantee the system can run in stability and reliability. In the allocation of forecasting plan, the channel forecasting plan should be chosen or be as the main plan with rainfall-runoff forecasting plan as the secondary, for the raingauge stations are sparsely in the hydrologic data acquisition system in the west severe cold region.