黄河三角洲湿地土壤养分空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in the Wetland of the Yellow River Delta

为研究滨海湿地不同植物群落下土壤养分的空间分布特征,在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区湿地内,分层采集了柽柳、柽柳-碱蓬、芦苇-柽柳、碱蓬-芦苇和芦苇等5种植物群落下的土壤样品,并对样品中各养分以及含盐量和pH值进行了测定。结果表明:黄河三角洲湿地0～30 cm土层中TOC、SOM和TN、TP、AN、AP平均含量分别为0.19%、0.33%和202.27、539.80、4.47、2.64 mg/kg。随着离海岸线距离的增加,土壤中TOC、SOM、TN、AN和AP含量呈现出相同的波动趋势,其中芦苇-柽柳群落与柽柳群落下土壤中养分含量较高,而所有群落TP变化不大;5种群落的土壤养分含量垂直差异均不显著。相关性分析表明,土壤中TN、AN、AP含量与TOC含量之间存在显著的正相关关系,而土壤含盐量和pH值对各养分含量并无显著影响。

In order to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in different plant communities, the soil samples from different depth were collected from 5 plant communities which were respectively Tamarix chinensis, Tamarix chinensis-Suaeda salsa, Phragm ires australis- Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa-Phragm ites australis and Phragm ites australis community respectively in the wetland of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, and the contents of the soil nutrients, soil soluble salt（SC） and the value of pH were detected. The results show that the average contents of TOC, SOM,TN,TP, AN and AP in top soils with the depth of 0 -30 cm in the wetland of the Yellow River delta are 0.19% and 0.33% and 202.27, 539.80, 4.47 and 2.64 mg/kg respectively. With the increase of the distance from the sea, the content of TOC, SOM,TN, AN and AP under different communities has similar distribution characteristics,and the average content of Phragm ites australis-Tamarix chinensis community and Tamarix chinensis community are higher than the others,while the content of TP didn＇t show significant difference, and there were no significant difference among all soil nutrients with depth in the soil profiles. The result of correlation analysis shows that there is highly significant relationship between TOC and TN,AN and AP in soils,while the SC and pH do not affect the soil nutrient contents significantly.