叶尔羌河灌区水土资源特征及其承载力分析

Characteristics and Carrying Capacity Analysis of Water and Soil Resources in Yarkant River Irrigation Area

为保障叶尔羌河灌区水土资源的可持续利用,在分析灌区地表水资源年际、年内分布特征,地下水补给来源的基础上,构建了灌区水土资源承载力评价指标体系,基于模糊综合评判模型对灌区水土资源承载力进行了分区分析。结果表明:叶尔羌河灌区水土资源承载力未来一段时期内处于不可承载状态,水土资源开发已接近饱和。因此,提出了加大水利设施建设、提高地表水利用率、减少地下水的开发与利用,加大节水设施建设、提高农业用水利用率,合理利用土地资源及盐土资源、严格控制垦荒规模、加大土壤盐渍化改良力度等对策。

In order to ensure water and soil resources sustainable utilization of the Yarkant River irrigation area, based on the analysis of surface water resources distribution characteristics and groundwater recharge sources, we established the water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system and evaluated the water and soil resources based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The results show that the water and soil resources carrying capacity of Yarkant River irrigation area is dangerous in the future and water and soil resources development has been close to saturation. Therefore, we put forward the following countermeasures of strengthening the building of water conservancy facilities, improving water use efficiency, strengthening the building of water-saving facilities, improving agricultural water utilization, rationally utilizating land resources and increasing the intensity of soil sabnization improvement.