朱熹与南宋书院的兴盛

ZHU Xi and the Flourishing of Academic Schools in South Song Dynasty

朱熹是南宋最杰出的哲学家,同时也是书院教育最杰出的推进者、建设者和组织者。朱熹对中国理学的发展作出了重要贡献。是他使儒学发生第二次中兴,再次达到一个高峰;而儒学的中兴,又与朱熹的书院教育、书院建设和书院组织活动紧密相关。朱熹修复了宋代四大书院中最著名的两所书院:岳麓书院和白鹿洞书院,并且修建了大量的新书院,制定新的学规,使书院大兴,对后世影响极为深远。因此,朱熹除了是孔孟之后儒学第一大家之外,还是使理学和书院实现最深层结合的第一大家,同时也是促使文人的圣化和偶像化的始作俑者。

As an outstanding philosopher in South Song Dynasty, ZHU Xi served as a driver, builder and organizer of Academic School education. ZHU Xi contributed greatly to prompt Confucian School Renaissance to its new summit, all of which was deeply rooted in ZHU Xi＇ s Academic School education, Academic School construction, and Academic School activity organization. A- part from restoring two of the four famous academies in Song Dynasty： Yuelu Academic School and Bailudong Academic School, he also built many new Academic Schools, and laid down new academic regulations, thus bringing Academic School education in- to a new era, and exerting a far - reaching and profound influence for later generations. Therefore, besides being the topmost scholar in Confucius School after Confucian and Mengzi, ZHU Xi was also the first one to combine the Confucius School and the Academic School with profoundity, and unfortunately also the initiator to actualize sanctification and idolization of ancient Chinese masters.