低水头枢纽仿生态鱼道水流条件研究

Study on flow condition in bionic fishway of low-head junction

采用正态1:20整体物理模型为主要研究手段,对低水头枢纽仿生态鱼道进行水力学试验研究。首先通过分析国内鱼道主要过鱼对象,确定了适合国内鱼道的设计流速,而后通过整体物理模型重点研究了枢纽上、下游不同水位差情况下,鱼道内沿程水位、比降及流速等水力要素变化,并对试验结果进行分析,逐步优化了鱼道进鱼口结构型式、鱼道底板高程、鱼道总长度、竖缝宽度及池室个数,得出了适合国内鱼类的低水头航电枢纽仿生态鱼道平面布置方案。

The flow condition in bionic fishway of the low-head junction was studied by the scale of 1：20 integrated physical model test. First, the design flow velocity which was suitable for domestic fishway was confirmed by the research of the main fish object of domestic fishway. Then through integrated physical model, the study on the changes of hydraulic factors such as different water levels between upstream and downstream of the hub, water level along the fishway, slope and flow velocity was carried out. The test results were analyzed, and the fish-in structure, bottom elevation, total length, slit width and pool room number of fishway were gradually optimized. Then the layout plan of low-head junction and bionic fishway was obtained which was suitable for domestic fish.