1882年美国华侨护照问题研究——以黄华饶之护照为例

A Study of the Issue of Passports for Chinese in the US in 1882

1882年,美国通过《排华法案》。为保护华侨权益,自1882年4月,中国驻旧金山总领事署开始给华侨发放护照。黄华饶护照正是这一时期珍贵的华侨文物。它反映了晚清外交家为保护华侨利益而作的不懈努力,是他们成功运用国际规则对抗强权的典范,对研究中国护照制度的发展及对外关系均具有重要价值。

In 1882,the United States passed the Chinese Exclusion Act.For the protection of rights and interests of Chinese in the US,the Chinese Consulate General in San Francisco began issuing passports to Chinese in the US since April 1882.Huang Huarao's passport is a precious relic from this period.It reflects the unremitting efforts of late Qing's diplomats to protect the interests of overseas Chinese and was aparadigm of successful application of international rules against the power politics.It is of great value for the study of the development of Chinese passport system and China's foreign relations.