白头翁总皂苷对日本血吸虫虫卵毛蚴 尾蚴的作用

Effect of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge) Regel saponins on eggs,miracidia and cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum

目的观察白头翁总皂苷(Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regelsaponins,PRS)对日本血吸虫虫卵、毛蚴、尾蚴的杀灭效果,为白头翁总皂苷作为抗血吸虫新药提供理论和实验依据。方法采用尾蚴腹部贴片法感染ICR小鼠,感染后42 d的鼠肝脏经研磨、过筛获得虫卵,毛蚴由虫卵孵化,尾蚴由阳性感染钉螺光照逸出,采用0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8μg/ml的PRS药液分别于不同时间作用虫卵、毛蚴、尾蚴。结果不同浓度PRS及对照药物吡喹酮(PZQ)对日本血吸虫虫卵作用24 h的孵化结果显示,PRS对虫卵孵化的抑制效果略优于PZQ,尤其在4μg/ml浓度时,日本血吸虫虫卵对PRS的作用更敏感。1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8μg/ml的PRS药液作用于毛蚴30 min后,毛蚴死亡率分别为13.47%、26.05%、60.99%、90.84%、100%、100%、100%、100%。作用于尾蚴30 min后,尾蚴的死亡率分别为5.32%、18.81%、44.7%、76.87%、98.28%、100%、100%、100%。毛蚴、尾蚴的死亡率对PRS的作用时间和浓度有一定依赖性。结论体外实验显示PRS对日本血吸虫虫卵、毛蚴、尾蚴均有杀伤作用,有望成为新的抗血吸虫药物。

Objective To investigate the effect of Pulsatilla chinensis （Bunge） Regel saponins （PRS） against the eggs, miracidia, cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum in vitro and compare its efficacy with praziquantel. Methods ICR mice were infected with the cercariae of S. japonicum by the patching abdominal method. The livers of the mice were grinded, screened, and then the eggs of S. japonicum were obtained 42 days post-infection. The miracidia were hatched by using the eggs, and the cercariae were obtained by using the infected Oncomelania snails on the light. The eggs, miracidia and cercariae of S. japonicum were incubated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 txg/ml PRS for different time, and praziquantel （PZQ） was used as the control. Results PRS sup- pressed the hatching rates of eggs for 24 h slightly superior to that of the control drug PZQ at different concentrations, especially in the 4 μg/ml concentration. After the miracidia were incubated with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 μg/ml PRS for 30 min, the dead rates of miracidia were 13.47, 26.05, 60.99, 90.84, 100, 100, 100, 100%, respectively. After the cercariae were incubated with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 μg/ml PRS for 30 min, the dead rates of cercariae were 5.32, 18.81, 44.7, 76.87, 98.28, 100, 100, 100%, respectively. PRS showed time- and dose-dependent mortality effects on the miracidia and cercariae of S. japonicum. Conclusion PRS has the effects against eggs, miracidia, cercariae of S. japonicum in vitro, and it may become a new anti-schistosome agent.