2011年广东省疟疾疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of malaria epidemic situation in Guangdong Province,2011

目的分析2011年广东省疟疾流行特点,为本省消除疟疾提供参考依据。方法资料来自中国疾病预防控制中心疾病监测信息报告管理系统,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析2011年广东省网络报告疟疾病例的流行病学特点。结果 2011年广东省共报告疟疾96例,其中间日疟40例,输入性恶性疟36例,未分型20例,年平均发病率为0.092/10万,死亡2例。全省17个市的34个县(市、区)报告疟疾病例,主要分布在深圳和广州,共报告57例,占全省病例的59.38%。全年各月均有病例报告,其中5-11月73例,占全年病例的76.04%。男女性别比为5.86∶1。年龄分布主要集中在20～50岁,年龄最小1岁,最大65岁。发病以工人、商业服务人员、农民、家务及待业为主,共68例,占病例总数的70.83%。2011年广东省128例疟疾病例(96例本省籍和32例外省籍)主要输入来源为非洲和亚洲,分别为77例和30例,占总发病数的60.16%和23.44%。输入病例最多的为尼日利亚36例,其次为安哥拉19例,再次为缅甸11例。结论 2011年广东省疟疾疫情相对稳定;但输入性恶性疟增加,应加强监测和防控。

Objective To analyze the features of malaria epidemic in Guangdong Province in 2011 so as to provide the evidence for the elimination of malaria in Guangdong Province. Methods The data from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Guangdong Province in 2011. Results A total of 96 malaria cases were reported in Guang- dong Province in 2011, with an annual mean incidence of 0.092 per 100 thousand. There were 40 cases of Plasmodium vivax infec- tion, 36 cases of Plasmodiumfalciparum infection and 20 cases of undivided malaria. There were 2 death cases. There were cases reported in 34 counties/cities/districts of 17 prefecture-level cities in the whole province. The cases distributed mainly in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, where there were 57 cases, reaching 59.38% of the cases of the whole province. There were cases reported ev- ery month in the whole year. From May to November, 73 cases were reported, accounting for 76.04% of the cases of the whole year. The ratio of male to female cases was 5.86： 1. The age distribution concentrated mainly on 20-50 years old. The youngest pa- tient was 1 years old and the eldest was 65 years old. The occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker, commercial service, peasant, housekeeper and unemployed people （68 cases, 70.83%）. In addition to the aforementioned 96 cases of local census register population, there were 32 cases of nonlocal census register population found in Guangdong, 2011. Of the total 128 cases, the main original areas of the imported cases were Africa （77, 60.16%） and Asia （30, 23.44%）. The country with the most cases was Nigeria in Africa （36 cases）, the second was Angola in Africa （ 19 cases）, and the third was Myanmar in Asia （ 11 cases）. Conclusion The malaria epidemic situation in Guangdong Province is relatively stable in 2011, but the imported cases of Plasmodiumfalciparum infection increase. Therefore, the surveillance, prevention and control for imported cases of P. falciparum infection should be strengthened.