中学生近视患病率调查及其与睡眠障碍的关系研究

Effect of Myopia on the Sleep Disorder in Middle School Students

目的了解徐州市中学生近视和睡眠障碍的发生情况,进一步探讨近视对睡眠障碍的影响。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取徐州市中学生1 052名进行问卷调查及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)测评,并由专业人士对受试中学生的裸眼视力进行调查。结果徐州市中学生的近视率为78.6%(827/1 052)。男生近视率为75.0%(416/555),女生近视率为82.7%(411/497),男女中学生近视率间差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.35,P<0.01)。初一学生近视率为73.5%(285/388),初二学生近视率为75.5%(302/400),初三学生近视率为90.9%(240/264),不同年级中学生近视率间差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.31,P<0.01)。徐州市中学生睡眠障碍患病率为20.2%(213/1 052),近视组中学生睡眠障碍患病率(21.5%,178/827)高于视力正常组(15.6%,35/225),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.83,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,近视对中学生睡眠障碍的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论徐州市中学生近视率较高,且近视对睡眠障碍有影响,应引起社会以及有关部门的重视。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of myopia and sleep disorders of middle school students from Xuzhou, then explore the effect of myopia on the sleep disorder. Methods A total of 1 052 middle school students in Xuzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling and surveyed with questionnaire including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and the students＇ naked vision was examined by doctors. Results There was a poor eyesight prevalence of 78.6% （827/1 052） in the middle school students in Xuzhou, with the greater proportion in girls than in the boys, 75.0% （416/555） in the boys and 82.7% （411/497） in the girls; with a prevalence of 73.5% （285/388） in grade seven, 75.5% （302/400） in grade eight and 90. 9% （240/264） in grade nine. There was a statistical difference in the prevalence of poor eyesight in genders and grades （χ2 = 9. 35, 32. 31 ; P 〈 0. 01 ） . There was a sleep disorder prevalence of 20. 2% （213/1 052） in the middle school students in Xuzhou . The myopic groups had higher prevalence of sleep disorders as compared to normal group with significant statistical differences （21.5% vs. 15.6% ;χ2 =4. 83, P 〈0. 05） . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that myopia signifi- cantly affected sleep disorders of middle school students. Conclusion Middle school students have a high incidence of myopia in Xuzhou City and myopia has effect on sleep disorders, which should arouse social and relevant departments＇ attention.