福州市售蔬菜水果中6种重金属元素含量测定与分析

Determination and analysis of six kinds of heavy metal elements in marketed fruits and vegetables in Fuzhou city

目的:采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定和分析福州市冬季市售蔬菜和水果中6种重金属元素含量。方法:用湿消化法对样品进行预处理,经ICP-MS法测定样品中重金属元素含量,分析各样品中各重金属元素超标情况。结果:所测定的6种元素中,铜、钴、锌、铬和镉的含量水平具有显著差异(P<0.01);而铅元素含量差异不明显(P>0.05)。本地芭乐铬含量超标值为502.66%,莲藕为27.92%;铅元素只在白梨和青橄榄中略微超标,超标值分别是6.3%和1.3%。结论:28种蔬菜水果对铜、钴、锌、铬和镉的吸收具有选择性,而对铅元素吸收差异不显著;除本地芭乐、莲藕、白梨和青橄榄外,福州市售常见的大部分蔬菜水果重金属元素含量都在安全检出限范围内。

Objective ： Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ ICP - MS） to determine and analyze the content of six kinds of heavy metal elements in winter marketed vegetables and fruits. Methods： Using wet di- gestion method for the pretreatment of samples, and the ICP - MS method was employed to determine heavy metal el- ements content in samples and analyze the level beyond the national standards. Results： The contents of copper, co- balt, zinc, chromium and cadmium had significant difference （P 〈 0.01 ） ; and the lead content had no significant difference（P 〉0.05）. The content of native guava chromium exceeded the standard value of 502.66% , and lotus root of 27.92% ; the lead elements only in pear and green olive slightly exceeded the national standard, and the val- ues were 6.3% and 1.3% respectively. Conclusion： Absorption to copper, cobalt, zinc, chromium and cadmium in 28 kinds of vegetables and fruits is selective, and no significant difference was found in the lead element; and in addition to the local guava, lotus root, white pear and green olives, the contents of heavy metal elements in most common vegetables and fruits sold in Fuzhou market are in the safety limits of detection range.