形的正反序与义的顺逆释--对另类复合词的另类思考

Obverse and Reverse in Form,Forward and Backward in Explanation:Reflection on Some Special Compound Words

本文所探讨的较为另类的复合词有两种:一种是字序相反而对照的"正序词"和"反序词",另一种是字义的解释相反而对照的"顺释词"和"逆释词"。字序相反而对照的"正序词""反序词",已有不少研究成果,本文把研究的重点放在释义相反而对照的"顺释词",尤其是"逆释词"上。通过对"逆释词"解剖麻雀式的分析,庶几可见汉语的词迥异于其他语言的词的特点所在,可见汉语词法大异于句法的特点所在。

This paper discusses two special types of compound words.'Obverse words' and'reverse words' are formed by the two same morphemes in opposite positions in two different words. 'Forward-explaining words' and 'backward-explaining words' are those whose meaning is explained by the morphemes form left to right,i.e.forward,or from right to left,i.e.backward. In the paper the second type is focused,especially the 'backward-explaining words'.Through a thorough study of the 'backward-explaining words',the unique features of Chinese can be explored,as well as the differences between morphology and syntax in Chinese.