钠电池的研究与开发现状

State-of-the-art research and development status of sodium batteries

钠硫电池、钠-氯化镍电池(ZEBRA电池)和钠-空气电池等一类以金属钠作负极,通过钠离子在正负极之间传导和得失电子而实现电能和化学能转换的电池,统称为钠电池。本文综述了钠硫电池、ZEBRA电池和钠-空气电池等钠电池的研究和开发现状,包括各种钠电池的结构、工作原理和性能特性以及目前研发进展的介绍,它们面临的主要问题的分析,最后指出它们今后的发展趋势。

Sodium-sulfur batteries, sodium-nickel chloride batteries and sodium-air batteries are collectively called sodium batteries. These batteries use metallic sodium as the anode material and realize electrochemical processes through the transportation of sodium ions and electrons. This paper reviews the research and development status of various sodium batteries, including their structures, working principles, electrochemical properties, and major problems they are confronting. Finally, remarks are made on the further developments of sodium batteries.