隐声衣结构设计和实验研究新进展

New development in structure design and experimental study of acoustic cloaking

隐声衣是一项使物体隐藏于声场的新技术,与传统吸声方式相比,隐声衣消除回波时不会在目标背后留下声影区。隐声衣的物理实现是重点研究方向之一,利用具有特殊性质的材料或结构消除散射是获得隐声效果的主要途径。文章综述了隐声衣研究在结构设计和实验方面的几项新发展。包括基于超常材料的隐声衣、基于温度递度的隐声衣、应用反演设计方法的隐声衣、有源隐声衣等,主要介绍隐声衣机理和结构设计方面的新思想,以及新型人工材料和人工结构在隐声衣研究中的应用。

Acoustic cloaking is a new technique that makes objects undetectable acoustically by reducing the backscattering field without sound absorption. Scattering cancellation by using engineered materials and structures with novel properties is an important approach to realize the cloak physically. In this paper, we introduce the recent significant advances in structure design and experimental study of acoustic cloaking. The topic includes the research results of acoustic cloaking with metamaterial, acoustic cloaking by using multiple scattering method, acoustic cloaking based on temperature gradients, active acoustic cloaking and so on. Some theoretical ideas and design concepts of the cloak, and the application of artificial materials are introduced.