浙江古代佛教题材雕印木版画初探

On Zhejiang’s Ancient Carved Woodblock Prints of Buddhist Subjects

浙江古代雕印木版画源远流长,其中佛教题材版画是重要的组成部分。晋代葛洪所云"以枣心木方二寸刻之,再拜而带之,甚有神效。"说明"古之人"最初的雕印技艺实践就与人们的宗教活动紧密联系。杭州的佛教木版画两晋开始,至吴越时即显现了甚为发达的景况,是中国木版画艺术创制较早且发展迅速的地区之一。南宋及元明时浙江的佛教雕印版画更为昌盛,雕印技艺空前发达。佛教木版画历代传承,成就斐然。经卷扉画、独幅版画、经典佛经插图、捺印式木刻画、彩色雕版画等都是浙江古代宗教题材木版画丰富的表现形式。

Zhejiang＇s ancient carved woodblock painting has a long history, and the Buddhist prints make up the most important component. Ge Hang in Jin Dynasty once said, “carve on jujube heartwood in two square inches; then worship and wear it; very effective. ” It proves that the initial woodblock printing art practice of “ancient people” is closely associated with their reli- gious activities. Hangzhou＇s Buddhist woodblock printing started in Jin Dynasty and developed flourishingly in the Wu and Yue Period. Therefore, Hangzhou is one of the very early areas where Chinese woodblock painting appeared and developed rapidly. Artistic creation of Buddhist carved woodblock prints in Zhejiang between the Southern Song Dynasty and Yuan and Ming dynas- ties was even more prosperous, and engraving and printing technology witnessed an unprecedented boom. The achievement of Buddhist woodblock prints with ancient Chinese tradition is a significant success. This article also introduces various woodblock works of religious subjects, such as the paintings in scripture, mona prints, classic Buddhist illustrations, stamp type woodcuts and color woodblock prints.