冬种马铃薯黑膜夹层覆盖栽培氮肥和钾肥不同用量和组配对植株及产量的影响

Effects of Application Rate and Proportion of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Potassium Fertilizer on Plants and Yield of Winter Potato Cultivated by Black Film Interlayer Covering

以荷兰15为试材,研究了3个氮肥施用水平和3个钾肥施用水平及相互组配,对冬种马铃薯黑地膜夹层覆盖栽培植株生长特性及产量的影响,结果表明:氮钾肥的施用量以及不同配比,对黑地膜夹层覆盖栽培冬马铃薯的出苗快慢和最终成苗率和叶片总数没有明显影响,但株高呈现出随着N施用量的增加而增加、随着K2O施用量的增加而降低的趋势,对植株主茎茎粗呈现出随着K2O施用量的增加而增粗的趋势。N施用量在225 kg/hm2以下时,马铃薯的产量随着钾肥施用量的增大而提高,N施用量达到300 kg/hm2时,马铃薯的产量反而随着钾肥施用量增大而降低,这说明施肥量不宜高于N 300 kg/hm2+K2O 150 kg/hm2;施N 225 kg/hm2、K2O 450 kg/hm2的产量最高,但与施N 225 kg/hm2、K2O 300 kg/hm2的差异不大。

Taking Holland 15 as the test material, we studied the effects of different application rates and proportions of nitro- gen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on the plant growth characteristics and yield of winter potato which was cultivated by black film interlayer covering. The results showed that different application rates and proportions of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer had no effects on seedling emergence speed, eventual seedling rate, and total number of leaves. However, the plant height increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, while decreased with the increase of K2O application rate. When the applica- tion rate of K2O increased, the diameter of main stem showed a rising trend. When the application rate of nitrogen was below 225 kg/hm^2 , the yield of potato increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application rate. When the application rate of nitrogen reached 300 kg/hm^2, the yield of potato decreased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application rate. These results showed that the fertilization quantity should not be higher than N 300 kg/hm^2 ＋ K20 150 kg/hm^2. The highest yield was obtained when N 225 kg/hm^2 ＋ K2O 450 kg/hm^2 were applied.