钙处理对纽荷尔脐橙裂果及果实品质的影响

Effect of Ca on Fruit Cracking and Fruit Quality of Newhall Navel Orange

纽荷尔脐橙是重庆,尤其三峡库区栽培较广的优良品种,但在生产上果实易裂果影响果实品质和效益。本文研究了不同浓度、不同类型钙化合物对纽荷尔脐橙裂果及果实品质影响。结果表明:①喷施钙素,增加了果实的单果重,提高了纽荷尔脐橙的果形指数,可食率也略有提高,果实中的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、Vc等含量都有显著性增加。②纽荷尔脐橙果皮钙素与裂果之间呈负相关,对叶片喷施各形态钙素均提高了果皮钙含量,降低裂果率。③对纽荷尔脐橙进行各钙处理后能显著降低水溶性果胶含量,提高盐酸溶性果胶含量,使裂果率降低。④从对各种钙化合物处理效果比较来看,以0.5%硝酸钙效果最好。

Newhall navel orange was the superior variety in Chongqing, especially in Three Gorges area, but the fruit cracking affects the fruit quality and benefit in the production. The effect of Ca on fruit cracking and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange with different concentrations and different types of Ca was studied. The results showed that（i） Calcium treatments increased the weight per fruit, and improved the fruit shape of Newhall and edible part rate. Calcium treatment also remarkably increased the contents of soluble solids, soluble sugar and Vitamin C in fruits. （ii）A negative correlation was found between contents of calcium of Ncwhall and fruit-cracking rate. Spraying calcium on navel orange foliar could significantly improve calcium contents in peel of Newhall navel orange and reduce fruit-cracking rate. （iii）Spraying calci- um on Newhall navel orange foliar could reduce fruit-cracking rate by significantly reducing water soluble pectin content and enhancing hy- drochloric acid soluble pectin content. （iv） Compared with the effects of different calcium treatments, 0.5% Ca（ NO3 ）2 was the best calcium treatment.