桉树蛀干新害虫——桉蝙蛾形态与生物学研究

Morphology and Biology of Endoclyta signifer Walker(Lepidoptera:Hepialidae),a New Wood Borer on Eucalyptus

桉蝙蛾是近年来在广西、广东新发现严重危害桉树的蛀干害虫,本文记述了该害虫的形态特征和生物学特性,该虫在广西分布于12个市49个县,10个自治区直属国有林场,232个乡镇,危害桉树面积达2 894.42 hm2,多数个体1年完成1代,以幼虫于12月中下旬开始在受害树干中越冬,次年2—3月化蛹,4月羽化,5月上旬初孵幼虫出现,6—8月幼虫上树转移危害,1年只有1次羽化;该虫主要分布在丘陵山地,以沟谷和坡底危害较严重,主要危害1 2年生巨尾桉和尾巨桉无性系。1年生和2年生受害桉树单株材积生长量下降率分别为16.70%和24.78%。沟谷和坡底1 2年生速生桉无性系是防治的主要对象。

Endoclyta signifer Walker is a new wood borer on eucalyptus recorded in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong province in recent years. In this paper, the morphology, biology and distribution of E. sig- nifer were studied. In Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, E. signifer distributes in 232 towns of 49 counties, 12 districts, and its distribution area is 2 894.42 hectares. Most of the individuals take one year to complete a genera- tion, and over-winter with larvae in host stem from mid-December, the pupa occur in March of next year, emer- gence in April, the 1 st instars larvae appear in May, and the larvae begin to transfer boring into host tree in June or July. Only one emergence happens in a year. It distributes mainly in the mountain area, valleys or gully, 1-2 year- old hybrid eucalyptus, Eucaluptus grandis x E. urophylla and E. ously. The ratio of timber volume decline in 1-and 2-year-old d urophylla × E. grandis are usually damaged seri- amaged eucalyptus plantation were 16.70% and 24.78%, respectively. In valleys and gully area,1-2 year-old hybrid eucalyptus plantation are the prevention area and the control object.