中国特有濒危植物崖柏扦插繁殖研究

Study on Cutting Propagation of Thuja sutchuenensis,An Endangered Species Endemic to China

在重庆市城口县咸宜乡苗圃和中国林科院温室开展崖柏扦插繁殖试验,研究采穗母树年龄、不同激素种类及其组合、激素浓度、扦插基质、物理促根等不同处理方式下崖柏扦插生根效应。结果表明:(1)在咸宜乡苗圃,采用自动喷雾设施,以蛭石-泥炭土-珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)为扦插基质,用3种激素和清水处理崖柏幼树1年生枝条,扦插后160 d的生根率为74.76%96.70%,不同处理组合生根效应具有显著差异,2 000 mg.L-1IBA>清水对照(CK)>1 000 mg.L-1IBA>1 000 mg.L-1IBA+500 mg.L-1 NAA;(2)在林科院温室用2种激素和清水处理崖柏幼树1年生枝条,扦插于蛭石-泥炭土-珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)的基质,搭塑料拱棚,扦插后120 d的生根率远低于咸宜乡苗圃,为25.93%45.37%,激素处理后的枝条与对照差异显著,1 000 mg.L-1IBA+50 mg.L-1NAA=2 000 mg.L-1IBA>清水对照(CK);(3)在咸宜乡苗圃用不同激素和物理促生根方法组成的27种组合处理的成年崖柏枝条,最高生根率仅为20.83%。生根率超过10%的处理组合是:清水处理,泥炭土:蛭石:珍珠岩(1∶1∶1);1 000 mg.L-1IBA+500 mg.L-1NAA,泥炭土∶珍珠岩(2∶1);1 000 mg.L-1IBA,泥炭土∶蛭石∶珍珠岩(1∶1∶1),流水冲洗。

The cutting propagation trial on Thuja sutchuenensis was carried out in a tree nursery located at Xianyi Village, Chengkou County, Chongqing, China and in the greenhouse of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing. Through the experiment, the effects of various factors, including age of donor trees, kinds and concentrations of auxin, substrate and physically-root-promoting, on rooting were examined. The results are as follows ： （ 1 ） The roo- ting rate of cuttings from one-year-old T. sutchuenensis sapling varied from 74. 76% to 96. 7% 120 days after cutting under different disposed conditions in the nursery of Xianyi, where adopting automatic spray facilities and medium with vermiculite ： peat ： pearlite （ 1 ： 1 ： 1, v/v/v）. Specifically, the cuttings disposed to 2 000 mg ·L^-1 IBA showed the highest rooting rate, with a decreasing tendency in water, 1 000 mg ·L^-11BA, and 1 000 mg·L^-1IBA plus 500 mg ·L^-1NAA （P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） In Beijing, where covered by plastic films and medium with vermiculite：peat： pearlite （ 1： 1： 1, v/v/v）, the one-year-old T. sutchuenensis cuttings showed a lower rooting rate than that in Xianyi（ P 〈 0. 05 ）, with a range from 25.93 % to 45.37 % 160 days after cutting. Moreover, the effect of disposing condi- tions on rooting rates in Beijing was different from that in Xianyi, with a lower rate in water and an equally high rate in 2 000 mg ·L^-1IBA, and 1 000 mg·L^-1IBA plus 50 mg·L^-1NAA. The obvious difference of rooting rate be- tween Xianyi and Greenhouse may be aroused by nutrition of donor trees and the environmental factors. （3） For a- dult T. sutchuenensis cuttings In Xianyi, which were disposed to 27 combinations of different kinds of hormone and solutions of physically promoting root, the highest rooting rate was only 20. 83%. The combination, under which the rooting rate was higher than 10%, is the combination of water-disposed plus with substrate of vermiculite：peat： pearlite （ 1 ： 1 ： 1, v/v/v）, that of disposing to 1 000 mg ·L^-1 IBA plus 500 mg·L^-1 NAA and plus a substrate with peat：pearlit （2： 1, v/v）, and that of 1 000 mg·L^-1IBA disposed with an even substrate of vermiculite：peat： pearlite （1：1：1, v/v/v） and plus washing through flowing water.