交通事故致因中的人为因素分析

Human Factors in Causation of Traffic Accidents

为改善交通安全状况,减少交通事故,从最主要的因素——人为因素出发,分析其影响。导致事故发生的主要原因是:驾驶员处理交通事件的能力(包括新手、老年、酒精、药物、疲劳、压力等),驾驶员在驾驶时采取冒险行为(包括不正确使用安全带、超速、犯罪、自杀等)。结果表明:新手驾驶、饮酒驾驶、疲劳驾驶、不正确使用安全带驾驶等仍是影响交通安全的主要因素。

In order to improve the traffic safety and decrease the amount of traffic accidents, this article analyses the impact of the main factors influencing the traffic safety - - human factors. This paper distin- guishes between those human factors that reduce capability to meet traffic contingencies （including inexpe- rience, old age, alcoholism, drug abuse, fatigue and acute psychological stress） and those that modulate risk taking while driving （ including incorrect use of seatbelt, speeding, crime and suicide） , then analyses comprehensively their influence on drivers. The results show that inexperience driving, drinking driving, fatigue driving and incorrect use of seatbeh driving are still the major aspects which should be taken into consideration.