论陆贾以《诗》治世的《诗》学观及其影响

Lujia’s View on Using ShiRunning the World and Its Influence

陆贾的《诗》学观,是一种致用的《诗》学观。他主张以《诗》治世,要求以《诗》来重建与维护当时濒于崩溃的君臣、父子等人伦关系,从而达到治世的目的。为此,他提出《诗》以仁义为本;诗生于道,诗言道;而此道即仁义之道,也即是人伦之道,进而提出孔子编定《诗经》以维护人伦之道等新的《诗》学观。这些新的《诗》学理念对董仲舒、司马迁等的《诗》学产生了影响,进而影响到汉代通经致用的《诗》学观的形成。

Lu Jia＇s view on Shi is quite practical. He believed that the thoughts of Shi can be used to solve practical social matters such as the collapsing human relations of that times, such as prince-minister relationship and father-and-son relationship. Thus, he suggested that benevo- lence is the basic principle of Shi. Shi came from the morality and has its own doctrine, i. e. , the doctrine of benevolence, of human and its relations. In this way, he put forward his own view, i. e. , the compiling of Shi by Confucius is to maintain his doctrine of human and its relations. Lu＇ s views laid great impact on Dong Zhongshu and Sima Qian and further led to the formation of ＂studying the classics for practice＂ of Han Dynasty.