甲午再乱:北宋中期的蜀地流言与朝野应对

Turmoil of Jiawu:The Gossips in Sichuan District in the Middle of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Government’s Reply

皇祐四年末到至和二年初,"岁在甲午,蜀且有变"的传闻在四川地区流行,最初朝廷担心有新的内乱发生,于是精择大臣,预为之防,仁宗委派程戡主政成都,并颁布了一系列惠民政策,但朝廷和民间都弥漫着恐慌的气氛。甲午年下半年,侬智高欲寇蜀的传闻与甲午岁凶之说结合,引起成都官民的集体性大恐慌,地方当局最初处置失当,形势一度恶化,但最后在张方平"以静镇之"的一系列措施下得以平息。在这一过程中,各种力量参与其中,呈现出地方政治运作的多种样态。

From the year 1052 to 1055, the gossip that when Jiawu year comes, there would he a turmoil in Sichuan District was quite popular in Sichuan. At first, the government chose some capable official such as Chen Kan to Chengdu to prevent the civil disorder. Nevertheless, panic still covered the whole government. Later in the same year, it was rumored that Nong Zhi- gao would attack Sichuan which caused even greater panic than ever before among the officials and folks of Sichuan. The mismanagement of the local government made the situation even worse. Finally, Zhang Fangping adopted the measure of coping with shifting events by sticking to a unvarying principle and the tumult then subsided. During this process, various powers were involved and the local governing varied in form.