生命周期内冷水机组的环境影响及运行策略

Life circle environmental assessment and operating control strategy of water chiller

采用生命周期评价方法,分析了水冷螺杆式冷水机组对人类健康、生态品质和资源消耗的影响,并得到其在生命周期内CO2等温室气体以及SO等有害气体的排放量.提出了环境效益曲线的概念,基于工程实例,分析对比了冷水机组和家用空调的环境效益,得到相应的运行策略.结果表明:评价螺杆式冷水机组生命周期内的环境效益主要以环境影响和气体排放为指标;电力的使用是影响环境的主要原因,要降低其在生命周期内对环境的冲击和危害,应重点放在节约电力以及开发新能源的使用上;主要排放气体有CO2,CO和SO气体;冷水机组方案的环境效益比较稳定,更适合长期投资;使用冷水机组时,年运行时间超过1 000 h,才能更好地体现环境效益.

Life cycle assessment was used to investigate the effects of water-cooled screw chiller on human health, ecosystem quality and resource consumption. The emissions of greenhouse gas and polluted gas were obtained. The concept of environmental benefit curve was proposed to compare environmental benefit of water chiller with that of home air conditioning based on an engineering project. The results show that environmental effect and gas output were the main indicators for evaluating the environmental benefit of water-cooled screw chiller. The usage of electrical power has marked influence on environment. To reduce the harmful extent to environment, more attention should be paid on power saving and new energy using. The comparison of two projects shows that water chiller has more stable environmental benefit, which is more suitable for permanent investment. When operating hour is over 1 000 h per year, water chiller will represent good environmental benefit.