以用户为中心的信息构建与网络治理--信息构建理论视野下的政府网站信息资源“去孤岛化”研究

The Construction of User-Centered Information Architecture and Network Governance ——De-isolating the Information Island Phenomenon of Internal Information Resource in Government Websites on the Basis of Information Architecture Theory

近年来",信息孤岛"问题已成为制约我国政府网站建设与发展、阻碍网络公共服务应用与完善的重要瓶颈之一。在梳理并整合现有研究的基础上,文章对政府网站"孤岛化"现象进行细分,提出并着眼于政府网站自身信息资源碎片化所导致的"内孤岛化"现象。基于信息构建理论,本研究建构了政府网站信息资源评价指标体系,并应用行动研究和案例分析两种研究方法,对网站组织系统、网站标识系统、网站导航系统和网站搜索系统四方面进行评价和干预,旨在通过建立以用户为中心的网站资源管理系统,强化网站信息资源组织的逻辑关联性与定位准确性,提升网站交互界面的功能易用性和检索准确性,实现政府网站信息资源的"去孤岛化",强调以用户为中心的政府信息资源管理理念。本研究创新之处在于:一是提出了政府网站信息资源的"内孤岛化"问题;二是基于"信息构建"理论设计了政府网站信息资源评价指标体系;三是运用行动研究的方法对案例政府网站实施了"评价-干预-再评价"的研究,籍此呈现了所提出的"内孤岛化"问题以及解决该问题的可能路径,为提升政府网站公共服务的有效性提供新的思路。

The objective of this paper is to examine and illustrate the internal information island,which becomes one of the key bottlenecks of the application and development of government websites.Given reviews of previous literatures,this study differentiates two kinds of information island phenomena in government websites-the external and internal ones.Action research and case study are then employed empirically to investigate the internal information island phenomenon within a sample government website.Based on information architecture theory,the paper further proposes an information recourse evaluation system,including organization,identification,navigation,and searching indexes,as a framework to evaluate and improve the organization of information in government websites.The analysis identifies three characteristics of the internal information island as follows: being lack of systematization,the information within government website shows in chaos and useful information is unable to be quickly located;being lack of effective identification,the information is unable to be effectively traced;being lack of logicalization,the information is scattered.Moreover,the information recourse evaluation system with a user-centered information surrounded design is able to eliminate the internal information island and improve the government information resources management.Accordingly,the proposed framework can assist government website designer in re-isolating the information island phenomenon through improving the affordability,availability,and accessibility of information.The value system can also be used to assess various types of websites and improve the efficiency of the organization of website information.