蔓生和矮生长豇豆氮磷钾吸收特性

Studies on Characteristic of NPK Absorption by Asparagus Bean 〔 Vigna unguiculata W. ssp. sesquipedalis ( L.) Verd.〕

研究了蔓生和矮生长豇豆的氮磷钾吸收特性。结果表明 ,两类长豇豆对氮磷钾的吸收 ,均以氮最多 ,钾次之 ,磷最少。蔓生类型的吸收比例为 2 .75～ 2 .92∶1∶2 .15～ 2 .75,矮生类型为4 .4 9∶1∶4 .2 1。蔓生类型比矮生类型的吸收量大 ,蔓生类型中白豆角比青豆角稍大。蔓生长豇豆营养生长期的吸收量微少 ,生殖生长期约占总吸收量的 98%。豆荚利用的氮磷钾逐渐增加 ,至结荚后期利用了氮磷的 6 5%～ 70 % ,钾的近 4 0 %。矮生长豇豆在营养生长期的吸收量约占 2 0 % ,生殖生长期约占 80 % ,豆荚只利用氮磷的 35%～ 4 0 %和钾的 30 %左右。

The characteristics of NPK absorption by vien asparagus bean (VAB) 〔cv. Jinsui white pod (WB),Xingqing green pod (GB)〕 and dwarf asparagus bean (DAB) were studied. The results showed that the absorbed amount was N>K>P in both VAB and DAB. The ratio of N∶P 2O 5∶K 2O was 2.75-2.92∶1∶2.15-2.75 in VAB,and 4.49∶1∶4.21 in DAB. The absorbed amount in VAB was larger than DAB and that of WB was a little larger than GB. In VAB,the absorbed amount of NPK was about 2% during vegetative stage,about 98% during reproductive stage. 65%-70% of NP and about 40% of K were utilized by pod at the later stage of flowering and podding. In DAB,about 20% of NPK was absorbed during vegetative stage,80% during reproductive stage,while 35%-40% of NP and 30% of K were utilized by pod.