肖斯塔科维奇《第十一弦乐四重奏》戏剧结构研究

The Study on the Dramatic Structure of Shostakovich’s “String Quartet No.11”

《第十一四重奏》是肖斯塔科维奇在其弦乐四重奏写作中的转型之作。甚至可以认为这部作品是其四重奏创作进入晚期风格的开始。在这部作品中,作曲家采用了许多新式的技法与结构设计展现生命最后时期的创作思维转换。本文从对作品的音乐语言与结构入手,分析了这部在形式上趋向"离散"的作品在其内核中所呈现出的凝聚性。通过对其各个乐章音乐语言的转化以及结构上的连贯给出音乐诠释,认为这部纯器乐的作品其实在结构上呈现出一种戏剧结构化特征,而这种戏剧结构特征正是作曲家晚期风格形成的标志,在对戏剧结构的运用当中,展现出对"生"与"死"这一永恒命题的思考。

＂String Quartet No. 11＂ is Shostakovich＇s transformation work in his string quartet Composition. This work can even be regarded as the start in string quartet creation in his late years. In the work, the composer uses many new techniques and structure designs to show his creative thinking transformation in his last years. Based on the music language and structure of this work, the author of this paper analyzes the co- hesive character in its core while ＂discreteness＂ in the form. Through the music lan- guage transformation of movements and consistent music interpretation of the structure, this pure instrumental musical work actually in its organization represents a dramatic structural character, which is the symbol of Shostakovich＇s late years. In the application of dramatic structure, the composer displays his reflection on the eternal proposition about ＂life＂ and ＂death＂.