福州市郊区十字花科菜田昆虫群落的物种组成、丰富度及多样性(英文)

Species composition, richness and diversity of insect communities in cruciferous fields in Fouzhou's suburb

田间调查于 1995年 9月至 1997年 3月在福州市西郊的 2个不同地点进行 .分别用 Shannon- Wiener的平均信息量 ( H)、Hurlbert的种间相遇机率 ( PIE)及 Pielou的均匀性指数 ( E)测定菜田昆虫群落的多样性及均匀性。结果表明 :在福州市郊区十字花科菜田植食性的昆虫种类中 ,优势种占 13.51% ,随从种占 35.14 ,偶栖种占 51.35% ;在肉食性的昆虫种类中 ,优势种占 2 0 .83% ,随从种占 33.33% ,偶栖种占 4 5.83% .野生白菜田的昆虫丰富度最高 ,而中国白菜田的昆虫丰富度最低 .秋冬季节菜田的昆虫种类比春夏季节的昆虫种类更丰富 .从 H、PIE和 E3个指数的变化可以看出 ,群落多样性及均匀性的时空动态主要取决于群落的物种数量及每个物种的个体分布形式 .菜田昆虫群落的研究有利于分析十字花科蔬菜害虫的种群动态 ,探讨自然天敌对害虫的控制潜能 ,制定优先采用生境调节和无公害技术的害虫综合治理策略。

Field surveys were carried out in two locations in the western suburb of Fuzhou, from September 1995 to March 1997. Shannon Wiener's average information content ( H ), Hurlbert's probability of interspecific encounter ( PIE ) and Pielou's formula of equitability ( E ) were employed to measure the diversity and equitability of insect communities in cruciferous fields. The result showed that, in the cruciferous fields of Fuzhou suburb, dominant insect species represented 13.51% of the herbivores, subordinates 35.14%, and accidentals 51.35. In the group of carnivores, however, dominants represented 20.83% , subordinates 33.33% , and accidentals 45.83%. It seemed that wild cabbage had the highest richness and supported more insects, while Chinese cabbage which had the lowest richness was unfavorable for some species of insects. During different growing seasons in the same field, there was an evident trend that the number of insect species was richer in the autumn winter season than spring summer resulting mainly from the influence of temperature. Changes in the index values of H, PIE, and E indicate that community diversity and equitability were varied with space and time resulting from variability in the number of insect species and the distribution pattern of individuals among those species. The results could be applied to analyze population dynamics of cruciferous pests and the potential capacity of natural enemies to control the pests, and to develop an integrated pest management strategy in cruciferous fields giving priority to habitat regulation and using non polluted techniques.