江西省基层全科医生转岗培训需求调查与对策研究

Requirements of Grass-root General Practitioners in Jiangxi for Job-transfer Training and the Countermeasures

目的了解江西省基层全科医生转岗培训的需求，针对存在的问题，提出对策，以期快速、有针对性地提高基层全科医生队伍的素质和医疗工作质量，使之基本满足广大农民群众“小病在基层”的人力支撑要求。方法自行设计三套调查问卷，对参加江西省2010、2011年基层全科医生转岗培训的学员进行调查，主要调查内容包括：学员的基本情况、学习目的、学习动机、培训面临的最大困难、自身的需求及兴趣、对培训基地的满意度、培训收获、效果评价等。结果关于学习目的与动机，236名学员主要选择：知识更新195人（82．6％）；获得合格证书173人（73．3％）；胜任工作的需要162人（68．6％）。关于参加培训面临的最大困难，236名学员主要选择：所学内容难以应用于实际74人（31．4％）；想脱产学习，但领导要求回去工作62人（26．3％）；放不下单位．工作29人（12．3％）。关于基层全科医生转岗培训内容与学员自身的需求及兴趣相符程度，236名学员认为：完全符合13人（5．5％）；比较符合71人（30．1％）；基本符合120人（50．9％）；较不符合30人（12．7％）；完全不符合2人（0．8％）。针对参加转岗培训后，认为自己的工作在哪些方面发生了改变，149名学员的选择排序为：临床基本技能128人（85．9％）；全科医学的基本理论126人（84．6％）；沟通技巧107人（71．8％）；疾病的诊治知识104人（69．8％）；责任心和事业心97人（65．1％）。结论基层全科医生转岗培训是医学教育的补充形式，应进一步规范实施“以学员为中心”的人性化管理，调动其学习的主动性、积极性；进行有针对性的教学改革，提升教学质量、管理质量，使基层全科医生转岗培训教育工作健康有序的发展，使基层全科医生转岗培训取得实效。

Objective To learn the requirements of general practitioners （GPs） at grass - root for job - transfer training, and put forth the countermeasures aiming at the existing problems, so as to rapidly raise the quality of GPs at primary health institutions and the medical quality for the purpose of generally meeting the desire of farmers, or ＂ medical care of mild diseases in the grass - root＂. Methods Three sets of questionnaire suwey designed by ourselves were used to investigate the GPs form Jiangxi grass -root institutions who participated in 2010 and 2011 job -transfer training. The contents of investigation included basic conditions of the trainees, their learning motivations and purposes, most difficulties in training, their demand and inter- ests, satisfaction on the training base, their gains form training, and effect evaluation. Results In learning motivations and purposes, among all the 236 trainees there were 195 （82. 6% ） for renewal of knowledge. 173 （73.3%） for getting accredited certificate, and 162 （68.6%） for fitting their job. About the most difficulties in training, there 74 （31.4%） who held that the learnt contents could not be applied practically, 62 （26. 3% ） who wanted a full - time study but the officer did not allowed, and 29 （ 12. 3% ） who could not leave the work at the institution. In terms of the compatibility between the training contents and the trainees＇ demand and interests there were 13 （5.5%） believed it was completely compatible, 71 （30. 1% ） believed it was rela- tively compatible, 120 （50. 9% ） held that 9t was basically compatible, and 30 （12. 7% ） held that it was relatively incompati- ble, and 2 （0. 8% ） thought that it was completely incompatible. As for the changes resulting from the training, among 149 trai- nees, 128 （85.9%） held that the changes occurred in clinical skill, 126 （84. 6% ） in basic theory of general practice, 107 （71.8%） in communication skill, 104 （69.8%） in diagnostic and treating knowledge, and 97 （65.1% ） in responsibility and entrepreneur spirit. Conclusion The job - transfer training for grass - root GPs is a supplementary form of medical education. It is necessary to further standardize the implementation of the ＂ learner- centered＂ humanized management, arouse the learners＇ study initiative and enthusiasm; perform the targeted teaching reform, and improve teaching quality, management quality of students, for a purpose of healthily and orderly developing the job - transfer training and getting a real effectiveness.