恒山黄芪中黄芪多糖提取工艺研究

Study on Extraction Technology of Astragalus Polysaccharide in Mt. Hengshan Astragalus

目的探讨恒山黄芪不同提取溶剂、粉碎度、温度、料液比及乙醇提取倍率与黄芪多糖提取得率的关系,寻找恒山黄芪黄芪多糖最佳提取工艺。方法采用微型植物粉碎机对恒山黄芪进行超细化处理并按粉体颗粒大小分组,测定各组不同温度、不同料液比、不同乙醇提取倍率水法提取与CaO法提取黄芪多糖的溶出率。结果料液比1∶6,提取温度80℃,使用提取液3倍量95%乙醇沉淀,水法提取、粉碎粒度为800目,CaO法提取、粉碎粒度为400目时恒山黄芪黄芪多糖提取得率相对最高。结论恒山黄芪黄芪多糖提取得率与使用何种提取溶剂及粉碎度、提取温度、料液比、乙醇使用量存在关联性,CaO法提取黄芪多糖得率常规下优于水法提取。

Objective To investigate the effect of different extraction solvet, grind degrees, temperature, solid-liquid ratio and alcohol volume on astragalus polysaccharides extraction rate of Mt. Hengshan astragalus to optimize the extraction technology. Methods Mt. Hengshan astragalus was produced to different particle size fractionation by miniature plant grinder. The dissolution rate of astragalus polysaccharides of each group was determined at different temperature, ratio of material to liquid and alcohol volume by water extraction and CaO extraction. Results With the ratio of liquid 1 ： 6, extraction temperature of 80 ~C, 3 times volume of 95% ethanol precipitation, particle size of 800 mesh by water extraction, and particle size of 400 mesh by CaO extraction, Mt. Hengshan astragalus polysaccharide extraction yield achieved to the relative maximum. Conclusion The Mt. Hengshan astragalus polysaccharides extraction rate is related to the extaction solvet, degree of pulverization, extraction temperature, solid-liquid ratio and alcohol volume. Astragalus polysaccharide yield of CaO extraction is higher than conventional water extraction.