中国森林粗木质残体储量及其影响因素

Storage and determinants of coarse woody debris in China's forests

粗木质残体(CWD)是森林生态系统的重要组成部分,在森林生态系统结构组成和功能发挥中扮演重要角色。在收集整理文献资料数据的基础上对长白山、小兴安岭、秦岭、武夷山、鼎湖山、哀牢山等地不同森林生态系统粗木质残体储量的研究结果进行了初步统计和分析。初步结果认为:中国南、北方森林生态系统的粗木质残体储量存在差异,北方的粗木质残体储量是针叶林>针阔混交林;南方的粗木质残体储量是阔叶林>针阔混交林>针叶林。海拔、林分结构、年平均降水量、自然灾害、人为干扰均是影响粗木质残体储量的因子,枯立木和倒木是中国原始林粗木质残体储量的主要贡献者。研究结果可为中国森林生态系统粗木质残体的进一步深入研究及相应的合理保护和利用提供依据。

As an essential structural component of forest ecosystems, coarse woody debris （CWD） plays an im- portant role in a number of aspects of ecosystem functioning. Based on the data from the literature about China forest ecological system＇s coarse woody debris storage, a preliminary statistical analysis of several sites in- cluding Changbai Mountain, Xiaoxing＇anling Mountain, Qinling, Wuyi Mountain, Dinghu Mountain and Ailao Mountain was conducted. The results indicated a difference between the storages of CWD in Southern and Northern China. In Northern China, CWD storages were ranked as follows： coniferous forest 〉 mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest. In Southern China, CWD storages were ranked as follows： broad-leaved forest 〉 mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest 〉 coniferous forest. The determinants of CWD storages in- cluded altitude, stand structure, the average annual rainfall, natural disasters, and human disturbance. Snags and fallen trees were the major contributors to the storage of CWD in the primitive forests in China. The findings can provide reference for the further research on forest ecological system＇s CWD, and better forest protection and utilization. [Ch, 2 fig. 2 tab. 47 ref.]