春兰种子无菌播种萌发过程及其影响因素

Asymbiotic seed germination of Cymbidium goeringii

研究了不同化学试剂预处理和暗培养时间对春兰Cymbidium goeringii种子初始萌发时间及萌发率的影响,并从形态学角度观察了种子萌发的过程。无菌条件下,分别采用氢氧化钠和次氯酸钠对春兰种子进行预处理,将不同处理及未处理种子置于相同培养基上不同暗培养时间0,30,60,90,120,150,180 d下进行培养,暗培养后转入光照下继续培养。结果表明:暗培养以后进行光照培养是春兰种子萌发启动所必须的,全光照或全黑暗条件下种子均未萌发,暗培养30 d的种子在光照条件下培养约35 d时开始萌发,初始萌发所需时间最短;化学试剂预处理对种子萌发率的影响显著,氢氧化钠和次氯酸钠处理组种子萌发率均高于对照组。化学试剂预处理与暗培养时间对种子的萌发率存在交互作用,暗培养150 d的氢氧化钠预处理种子萌发率最高为79.2%。春兰种子萌发过程包括以下几个状态:未萌发状态种子、胚吸水膨胀、原球茎、根状茎。

The influence of different reagents and dark treatment time on initial seed germination time and germination rate of Cymbidium goeringii were studied, and the seed germination process was observed. Under aseptic conditions, the seeds treated with chemical NaOH and NaC10 were placed in dark culture for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 d cultivation followed by after dark culture then further culture for light. Results showed that seeds did not germinate with only dark or no dark treatments. For seed germination rate, the NaOH and NaC10 treatments had a strong impact with the NaOH treatment being as high as 79.2%. For seed germination there was an interaction with reagent treatment and dark incubation time. Also, seeds with 30 d dark treatment began to germinate after about 35 d of light cultivation, and their initial germination time was shortest. The germination process of C. goeringii included the following states： original un-germinated seeds, swelling of the embryo, original bulb, green growth, and extension of the rhizome from the original bulb. Thus, this experiment showed that darkness and light were necessary for initial seed germination. [ Ch, 3 fig. 1 tab. 16 ref.]