法国开凿苏伊士运河始末探究

Research on the History of the Suez Canal Cut by France

苏伊士地峡是古代东西方贸易转折点,在近代新航路开辟后,苏伊士地峡失去了往日的光辉。法国为了对抗英国、重夺印度殖民地而开辟苏伊士运河。这个工程由法国人费迪南.德.莱赛普斯主持修建,因为危害了英国在东方的利益,运河在修建过程中受到了英国的阻挠。1869年苏伊士运河实现了通航,英国看到运河修建已成事实后,转换策略接受运河,并购买伊斯梅尔的股票控制运河,坐享渔翁之利。造成这样结局的原因一方面是因为法国自身内部矛盾重重,没有达成一致意见,更重要的是法国的综合实力不如英国。

The Suez Isthmus is important in trading in ancient times. After the new route opened up in roodern times, the Suez isthmus was abandoned by the international trade. In order to fight against Britain and recapture India, France decided to open up the Suez Canal. The project was hosted by a Frenchman named Ferdinand de Lesseps. But it was harmful to Britain, so she tried to obstruct the project. In 1869, the Suez Canal was com- pleted. Britain had to accept the fact, and finally controlled the Suez Canal at last. The reason was France did not come to an agreement, and furthermore, the comprehensia, e strength of the French was less than Britain.