施氮肥时期对土壤供氮、稻株吸氮及产量的影响

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER REGIME ON SOIL NUTRIENT SUPPLYING, YIELD AND ITS NITROGEN UPTAKING OF RICE PLANT

不同施氮肥时期对土壤供氮、稻株吸氮及产量的影响研究结果表明 :基肥对土壤供氮影响持续期长 ,一直持续到成熟期。蘖肥对土壤供氮仅影响到有效分蘖临界叶龄期。穗肥对土壤供氮影响到抽穗至成熟期。不施基肥与施基肥相比 ,植株各生育期的吸氮量少 ;不施蘖肥与施蘖肥差异较小 ,仅影响有效分蘖临界叶龄期到拔节期的吸氮量 ;不施穗肥的植株拔节到成熟期吸氮量下降 ,而不施粒肥仅影响抽穗至成熟期的吸氮量。基肥施用量在保证 N-n叶龄期达到够穗苗数的情况下 ,不施或少施蘖肥 ,增施粒肥量 ,有利于提高茎蘖成穗率 ,促进穗大粒多而高产。

The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on soil nutrient supplying, yield and its nitrogen uptaking of rice plant was studied and the results showed as follows: The basal, tiller and spikelet fertilizer played an effective rote from fertilizer application to plant maturity, critical leaf age of productive tillering and maturity respectively. The group without application of basal fertilizer was small and accumulated less amount of nitrogen in all life than that with the treatment; While the difference was small between the group without and with application of tiller fertilizer. Amount of accumulative nitrogen was influenced only from critical leaf [WT5”,6BZ]age of productive tiller stage to jointing stage under without tiller fertilizer, from jointing stage to maturing stage under without spikelet fertilizer and only at maturing stage under without grain fertilizer. Under the condition of reaching expective ears per hm 2 at critical leaf age stage of productive tiller, no or less application of tiller fertilizer and increase of the amount of spikelet and grain fertilizer had the advantage to raise percentage of productive stems to total stems, increase spikelets per ear and per unit ear and percentage of spiketlet filling, and raise the yield.