蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水材料在咸淡水环境中的吸水性能

Water absorbency under the fresh/salty environment of montmorillonite/sodium polyacrylate composite materials

使用水溶液聚合法制备蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水材料。将合成的材料在咸淡水交替环境下进行反复吸水实验,研究其吸液能力与稳定性。通过改变蒙脱石含量参数,优化合成的各项条件。天然钠基蒙脱石复合高吸水性材料在咸淡水交替环境下的吸水性优于有机蒙脱石复合吸水材料。当丙烯酸单体36 g、蒙脱石质量分数20%、引发剂质量分数0.1%、交联剂质量分数1.2%、中和度70%和温度70℃时,材料在蒸馏水中吸水率为634.1 g/g,3%NaCl溶液中吸水率为38.6 g/g,吸水性、反复性和稳定性最好。X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪的测试结果表明,蒙脱石与聚丙烯酸钠树脂发生了化学结合。综合热重分析仪的测试结果表明,蒙脱石的添加提高了复合高吸水性材料的热稳定性。

A series of montmorillonite（MMT）/sodium polyacrylate supe〉absorbent materials were synthesized by solution poly merization reaction, and water absorption tests of these synthetic materials were performed under the fresh/salty environment to investigate the suction capacity and stability. The synthesis conditions could be optimized via changing the content of montmoril- lonite. The results showed that the natural sodium MMT synthetic material was better than those synthetic with organic modifi- cation MMT under the fresh/salty environment. The optimization results of the polymerization test were： acrylic monomer 36 g, MMT 200/oo （of acrylic monomer weight）, initiator 0. 1G; crosslinker 1.2% ; neutralization 70%; temperature 70 ℃, and it could adsorb water 634. 1 g/g in distilled water, 38.6 g/g in the 3% NaCl solution. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy a nalysis indicated that MMT could be chemically combined with sodium polyacrylate, an thermal re-analyzer test showed that those synthetic with MMT were better than sodium polyacrylate in thermal stability.