痛风患者对饮食控制认知行为调查及影响因素研究

Investigation of cognition and behavior for alimentary control in patients with gout and research on its influencing factors

目的了解痛风患者对饮食控制的认知及行为状况,探讨其相关的影响因素,为患者进行健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对68例痛风患者对饮食控制的认知得分率及行为状况进行调查。结果痛风患者对饮食的认知部分总分为(5.71±2.37)分,得分率为53.92%;行为部分总分为(4.63±1.78)分,得分率为43.63%,其中家人是否知晓饮食要求认知及定期检测血尿酸的行为得分率最低,分别为41.18%和32.35%。多元线性回归分析结果显示:患者文化程度和职业是影响其对饮食控制认知和行为的主要因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论痛风患者对饮食控制的认知水平中等,行为处于中、低等水平。应增加对患者的健康教育,提高痛风患者对饮食控制的认知水平和行为能力,并根据患者的文化、职业及接受能力提供针对性的教育。

Objective To investigate the cognition and behavior for diet control in patients with gout, and to discuss its influencing factors. Methods A self - designed questionnaire was applied to investigate the cognition and behavior for diet control in 68 patients with gout. Results The cognition score of diet was 5.71 ± 2.37 with a scoring rate of 53.92%, and the score of behavior was 4.63 ± 1.78 with a scoring rate of 43.63%. The scores of cognition for whether family members know the diet requirements and behavior for periodic inspection of blood uric acid were the lowest which were 41.18% and 32.35%, respectively. The multiple linear regression indicated that patients＇education background and occupation were the major influencing factors on cognition and behavior for diet control （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The patients with gout have middle level of cognition and middle and low level of behavior for diet control, and in medium or low levels of behavior. It is recommended that more health education should be promoted to improve patient＇s cognition level and capability of diet control and directed education should be provided according to their culture, occupation, and receptive ability.