非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池行业职业病危害及其防护效果

Analyze of occupational hazards and its protective effect in amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell industry

目的对非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池行业职业病危害特征及其防护效果进行分析,为制定职业病危害预防控制措施提供依据。方法通过职业卫生学调查和职业病危害因素检测等方法,于2008—2011年对深圳市该行业在生产过程中产生的职业病危害因素及危害程度、防护设施及其效果和应急救援设施等进行评价。结果该行业存在磷化氢、乙硼烷和矽尘等严重的职业病危害因素,工作场所中各类职业病危害因素均符合国家职业卫生标准。结论该行业属职业病危害严重的项目,但机械化、自动化和密闭化程度高,现行的职业病防护设施及其防护效果符合卫生要求。鉴于该行业工作场所在生产过程中有可能突然逸出大量有害物质,需定期对其进行危险性进行评价和实行危险度的管理。

[ Objective ] To analyze the characteristics of occupational hazards and protective effect in amorphous silicon thin-film so- lax cell industry, and provide the basis for developing measures of prevention and control. [ Methods] The occupational hazards and its extent, protective devices and its effects, emergency rescue facilities were evaluated by occupational health survey and occupa- tional hazards monitoring in Shenzhen City from 2008-2011. [ Results ] The serious occupational hazards of phosphine, diborane and silica dust were identified in this industry. Various occupational hazards in workplace met the national standards of occupational health. [ Conclusion] Although the occupational hazards in amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell industry axe serious, due to high degrees of mechanization, automation and airproof, the current protectio.n facilities are available. However, regular risk assessment and management should be carried out in the industry considering the possibility of hazardous substances leaking in workplace.