苏州综合医院护士遭受工作场所暴力的调查

Survey of workplace violence among nurses in general hospitals of Suzhou City

目的探讨苏州综合医院护士遭受工作场所暴力（WPV）的流行病学特征，为进一步预防和减少WPV的发生提供理论依据。方法采用“医院工作场所暴力调查问卷修订版”作为测量工具，对苏州地区3所三级综合医院和6所二级综合医院的护士进行工作场所暴力情况调查。结果接受调查的942名护士中，有588名报告在过去一年曾经遭受过不同形式的WPV，发生率为62．4％（588／942）；68．2％（401／588）的WPV发生在白班；患者家属是主要的施暴者；遭受暴力时，排在前3位的应对方式分别为“耐心解释”“忍让回避”“求助保安”，选择“报警”的护士仅占极少数；所在医院预防工作场所暴力的措施及态度也令护士不尽满意。结论苏州市综合医院护士遭受WPV的发生率较高，暴力严重危害护士的身心健康和护理队伍的稳定，政府、社会媒体、医院管理者应共同努力，尽量减少和避免护士工作场所暴力发生，营造安全和谐的医疗工作环境。

Objective To explore the characteristics of workplace violence （WPV） among nurses in general hospitals of Suzhou City, and provide theoretical evidence for further prevention and reduction of WPV. Methods Totals of 942 nurses were investigated by the Revised Version of Hospital WPV Questionnaire, who were from 3 Grade A general hospitals and 6 Grade B gengeral hospitals in Sozhou City. Results Among 942 nurses, 62.4% （588） nurses reported that they suffered from different forms of WPV in the past year. And 68.2% nurses （401/588） occurred during day shift with the patient＇ s family being the major source of violence. When encountering violence, the first three reactions of nurses were ＂patient explanation＂, ＂tolerant avoidance＂ and ＂resorting to securities＂. Very few nurses would choose to call the police. In terms of measures and attitudes, the hospitals with which the nurses were working did an unsatisfactory job in preventing WPV. Conclusions The incidence of WPV in general hospitals in Suzhou is relatively high, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of nurses and the stability of the nursing workforce. The government, social media and hospital management should make joint efforts to reduce and prevent the occurrence of WPV as much as possible, so as to create a safe and harmonious medical working environment.