从跨文化的视角探讨中国古代文化传统的先知因素

The Element of Prophets in Ancient China: a Cross-cultural Perspective

在中国的古代文化传统中有无类似圣经先知声音或者先知因素?德国学者韦伯认为没有;英国旧约专家罗理认为孔子、孟子、墨子类似先知声音;美国汉学家狄百瑞认为存在一个儒家改革主义的经学传统,这可以称作儒家先知声音。实际上,中国古代文化传统中的先知话语或因素,应该包括经济分配结构上为最底层的民众呼吁维持最基本生存保障所需的财产权的话语。也就是说,古典诗歌中的文学批判传统也应该补充进儒家先知之言的范围内。

Were there any prophetic voices or an element of the prophets within Chinese traditional culture？ Max Weber said no. The Old Testament specialist H. H. Rowley suggested that Confucius, Mencius and Mo-tzu sound like prophets. W. T. de Bary the American sinologist suggested that a prophetic tradition exists in the liberal Confucianism of the Jingxue （经学）. In fact, the voices calling for basic sustenance for the poorest strata of society should be included as part of the ancient Chinese prophetic tradition. In other words, the critical poetic tradition in ancient China should be added to China＇s ancient prophetic tradition.