先天性心脏病婴幼儿外科治疗对策分析（附115例报告）

Surgical treatment of congenital cardiac defects in infants

目的探讨婴幼儿先天性心脏病外科围术期处理对策。方法我院于2008年6月至2011年12月对115例患先天性心脏病的婴幼儿实施外科手术治疗，男性73例，女性42例，年龄3个月至3岁，体重3．5－20．0kg；其中室间隔缺损（VSD）54例，法洛四联症（TOF）14例，室间隔缺损合并房间隔缺损（VSD＋ASD）10例，房间隔缺损（ASD）9例，动脉导管未闭（PDA）8例，肺动脉瓣狭窄（Ps）7例，室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭（VSD＋PDA）5例，完全型肺静脉异位引流（TAPVC）4例，右室双出口（DORV）3例，主动脉缩窄合并室间隔缺损（CoA＋VSD）1例。结果全组死亡5例，死亡率为4．3％。死亡原因：低心排出量综合征1例，肺高压危象2例，呼吸道梗阻2例。结论先天性心脏病患儿在婴幼儿期外科治疗町以取得满意疗效，根据婴幼儿生理、病理特点采取个体化治疗对策是成功的关键。

Objective To summarize the perioperative experiences of infants with congenital heart disease. Methods The data on surgical management for congenital cardiac defects in infants were collected from January 2008 to December 2011, 115 cases （73 males and 42 females） with age of 3 months to 3 years old and body weight of 3.5-20.0 Kg, including VSD 54 cases, TOF 14 cases, VSD with ASD 10 cases, ASD 9 cases, PDA 8 cases, PS 7 cases, VSD with PDA 5 cases, TAPVC 4 cases, DORV 3 case, CoA with VSD 1 case. Resuits There were 5 cases of death, mortality rate was 4.3%. The causes of death were low cardiac output syndrome in 1 cases, pulmonary hypertension crisis in 2 cases and 2 cases of respiratory tract obstruction. Conclusion The with congenital heart defects can be effectively treated by proper perioperative management to ensure the successfulness of the operation.