生姜二倍体与四倍体基因组DNA的RAPD和ISSR分析

RAPD and ISSR Analyses of Genomic DNA of Diploid and Autotetraploid Zingiber officinale Roscoe

利用RAPD和ISSR标记对生姜二倍体和四倍体的遗传差异进行研究,结果表明:71个RAPD引物和14个ISSR引物对生姜二倍体和四倍体都扩增出了条带,其中有25个RAPD引物和7个ISSR引物在二倍体与四倍体之间扩增出了差异带,并且86%的ISSR引物序列为(GA)或(AG)的简单重复序列.表明在用一定浓度秋水仙素诱导生姜体细胞染色体加倍过程中,会引起基因组DNA的核苷酸碱基序列的改变,并以腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤组合的简单序列重复区间易形成新的结合位点.

RAPD （randomly amplified polymorphic DNA） and ISSR （inter-simple sequence repeats） molec- ular markers were used to analyze the genomic DNA of diploid and autotetraploid ginger （Zingiber offici- nale Roscoe） induced by colchicines. Of the 107 10-basic primers used in this study, 71 amplified bands of diploid and autotetraploid ginger, 25 RAPD primers and 7 ISSR primers amplified different bands between diploid and autotetraploid ginger, and 86 percent of ISSR primers were simple sequence repeats of GA and AG. The above results showed that in the process of chromosome doubling of ginger somatic cells with colchicines, DNA molecular structure, i.e. the nucleotide sequence of its genomic DNA, might change, and simple sequence repeats abounded with combination of adenine and guanine were more likely to form new cross-locations.