水稻空间诱变性状变异及育种研究

Study on Rice Breeding by Space Mutation and Its Character Variation

利用返回式卫星搭载水稻干种子 ,回收返地种植 ,考察其后代的性状表现及遗传变异 ,结果表明 :SP1代的大多数性状与地面对照种差异不明显 ;SP2 和SP3代的主要农艺、经济性状出现强烈的分离变异 ;SP4代的大部分性状已基本稳定 ;SP5 和SP6 代的绝大部分性状已经稳定。通过空间诱变 ,选育出了“赣早籼 47号”、“V5 1 2 1”、“卫紫香糯”和VR系列恢复系。讨论了空间诱变育种的机理、特点。

The dry seeds of rice were carried by recoverable satellite for space mutation, after recovery, the seeds were sowed on the earth and the character heredity and variation of their progenies were observed, the results indicated that for most characters, there was not significant difference between SP 1 generation and the check; the main agronomic and economic characters of SP 2 and SP 3 generation showed strong segregation and variation; the most characters of SP 4 generation were basically stable; the most part of characters of SP 5 and SP 6 generation were stable. “Ganzaoxian 47”,“V5121”, “Weizixiangnuo” and VR series of restoring lines were bred by space mutation. The mechanism, characteristics, cycle and method of space mutation breeding were discussed in this paper.