宁波市2008-2011年社区散居儿童手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in scattered children of Ningbo,2008-2011

目的:探讨宁波市社区散居儿童手足口病的流行特征。方法:对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2008-2011年宁波市3岁以下散居儿童手足口病个案和病原学监测数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:2008-2011年宁波市社区散居儿童共报告手足口病20 838例,其中重症病例149例,死亡7例,报告发病率为1 759/10万,病死率为0.03%。发病高峰为4-7月份,男性多于女性,城郊部发病率最高。肠道病毒EV71型为优势病毒株,但不同类型病例病原构成存在差异,相对于普通病例,重症病例肠道病毒EV71阳性的危险度为1.47。结论:近年来散居儿童手足口病报告病例数上升明显,城郊部是防控重点区域,对家长进行健康宣教是控制散居儿童手足口病疫情的有效措施。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in scat tered children of Ningbo. MethodsA descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed to study the HFMD case report,the data of etiological surveillance in scattered children under 3 years old of Ningbo district from 2008 to 2011. The data were collected from Information System of Disease Control and Prevention in China. Results A total of 20 838 cases of HFMD were reported from 2008 to 2011,including 149 severe cases and 7 deaths. The incidence rate was 1759/lakh and the case fatality was 0.03%. The peak of outbreak was from April to July. The number of boy patients was obviously higher than girls. Suburban was the region with the highest incidence rate of HFMD. Etiologic surveil lance showed that EV71 was the predominant epidemic strain. There was a difference between the pathogens seen. The relative risk（RR） for a human enterovirus 71 （EV71） isolate was higher among severe cases than in common cases（RR = 1.47）. Conclusion The HFMD epidemics increase obviously in scattered children from 2008 to 2011. Suburban areas become the key areas of prevention and control. Health propaganda and education for the parents is the effective way to control HFMD epidemic.