148例溃疡性结肠炎临床分析

Clinical analysis of 148 cases of ulcerative colitis

目的 :探讨溃疡性结肠炎 ( UC)临床特征 ,提高对本病的认识及诊治水平。方法 :回顾性分析我院 1 995年～ 1 997年收治的经纤维结肠镜确诊的 1 48例 UC患者的临床特征。结果 :发现UC的住院病例较前有增高趋势 ,男女发病率无明显差异 ,发病平均年龄为 40 .37岁 ,30～ 49岁多发。临床特征有腹泻 ( 80 .41 % )、脓血便 ( 63.51 % )、腹痛 ( 68.92 % )及发热 ,这些表现的发生率随病变范围加大而增高 ,病变范围以直肠炎、乙状结肠炎多见 ( 50 .68% )。全结肠炎患者病程 5a以上者明显多于 5a以下者 ( p<0 .0 5)。结论 :UC有较明显的临床特征 ,其病变范围与病程密切相系 ,且由结肠远端向近端发展 。

Objective:To discuss the clinical characteristic of ulcerative colitis (UC) and to enhance leves of diagnosis and trentment of this desease Methods : One hundred and forty eight cases of patients with UC confirmed by colonoscopy were studied at the hospital from January 1995 to December 1997 Their manifestations were analysed retrospectively Results :Data showed : The number of UC cases of hospitalization increased year by year There was no obvious difference between male and famale The mean age was 40 37 years old It occured more commonly at the age of 30~49 years old The main clinical symptoms in this group were diarrhea (80 41%) , pus and blood in stool ( 63 51 % ), abdominal pain (68 92%) and fever The frequency of clinical symptoms was consistent with the range of lesions Proctosigmoiditis was found in the majority cases (50 68%) It was also showed that the percentage of cases with pancolitis was significantly higher in the course of illness over 5 years than those in less than 5 years (P<0 05) Conclusion:There are obvious clinical characteristics in UC The range of lesions is related to the course of illniss The lesions of UC extend from distal colon towards initial colon Colonoscopy assists diagnosis of UC